Temporal Changes in the Dispersion of Populations of Three Homopterous Insect Pests of Upland Cotton

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Abstract
Spatial pattern of distribution of populations of three insect species, namely, Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida), Bemisia tabaci (Genn.,) and Aphis gossypii Glov. was studied in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at an interval of 13-15 days during July, August and September in Punjab. The populations were found to be aggregated from the beginning of season up to 25 August in jassid nymphs, 12 August in whitefly adults and the end of season in apterous aphids. Environmental heterogeneity at low population in July and innate behavior at high population were responsible for the aggregated dispersion in each of the three homopterans. Based on these observations the appropriate number of samples required to be drawn for population studies were determined which varied with change in pest density in each case.

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