Ferroelectric liquid crystals VI. Chiral 5-alkyl-2-phenylpyrimidines

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Abstract
Over 50 variously substituted 5-alkyl-2-phenylpyrimidines have been synthesized. The effect of the presence of an additional olefinic double bond in the terminal position of the alkoxy chain or of a trans-1,4-disubstituted cyclohexane ring on the liquid crystal transition temperatures of these systems has been studied in detail. All of the phenyl-pyrimidines studied possess an optically active centre at the point of methyl branching of one of the terminal carbon chains. The dependence of the transition temperatures of these systems on the position of the chiral centre has also been investigated. The effect of chain length has also been studied for various homologous series of mesogens. Almost all of the 5-alkyl-2-phenylpyrimides prepared exhibit enantiotropic chiral smectic C and cholesteric mesophases, some at and just above room temperature.