Dialister micraerophilus sp. nov. and Dialister propionicifaciens sp. nov., isolated from human clinical samples

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Abstract
Seventeen anaerobic, Gram-negative, tiny coccobacilli were collected in France from various human clinical samples. Biochemical analyses as well as molecular studies, including 16S rRNA anddnaKgene sequencing, affiliated all the isolates to the genusDialister. However, 16S rRNA anddnaKgene sequence similarities were below 95·2 and 79·7 %, respectively, when comparisons were performed with the currently described speciesDialister pneumosintesandDialister invisus. Two clusters consisting of 13 and four isolates could be differentiated. 16S rRNA- anddnaK-based phylogeny confirmed that these two clusters represent two novel and distinct lineages within the genusDialister. Finally, phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data supported the proposal of the two novel speciesDialister micraerophilussp. nov. (type strain ADV 04.01T=AIP 25.04T=CIP 108278T=CCUG 48837T) andDialister propionicifacienssp. nov. (type strain ADV 1053.03T=AIP 26.04T=CIP 108336T=CCUG 49291T). The G+C content of the DNA of theD. micraerophilustype strain is 36·3 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 11 isolates originating from Canada could also be affiliated toD. micraerophilussp. nov., and were included in the species description.