Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging Module With Preamplified Zero-Bias Detection
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- 28 May 2008
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
- Vol. 56 (7) , 1592-1600
- https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2008.924361
Abstract
An analytical model and supporting measured data are presented for a preamplified W-band radiometer with a zero-bias detector appropriate for commercial millimeter-wave imaging cameras. Basic radiometer parameters, including RF bandwidth, are computed directly from simple low-frequency measurements and compare well with those obtained from RF measurements. A detailed analytical model shows how radiometer performance depends on internal component parameters, such as low-noise amplifier gain, noise factor, reflection coefficient, detector responsivity, etc. The measurements suggest that performance is sufficient for operation without a Dicke switch or mechanical chopping. A measured noise equivalent temperature difference of 0.45 K was obtained, assuming a single sensor is scanned across a focal plane, forming 32 pixels with 3.125-ms integration time per pixel. This sensitivity is considered sufficient by commercial manufacturers to obtain quality images in low-contrast (e.g., indoor) environments.Keywords
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