A SERIES of 43 cases of spasmodic torticollis was analyzed in two previous papers1with respect to the physiologic mechanisms involved in the involuntary activity of the neck muscles and to the clinical characteristics. In this paper the effect of surgical treatment in 18 cases of the total series is discussed. Many kinds of treatments have been applied in all our cases. During their long course of illness almost every patient underwent psychotherapy of various types, local physical therapy or treatment with drugs, particularly of the atropine series. It is surprising how large a percentage were in the care of chiropractors and osteopaths. Only occasional temporary improvement of the condition by one treatment or another was reported or seen during observation. In general, it may be stated that the course of the condition was not essentially altered by any kind of treatment. Our experiences are fairly similar to those