The tectonic structure of the Hazara‐Kashmir Syntaxis, southern Himalayas, Pakistan

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Abstract
The stratigraphic and structural features of the Hazara syntaxis are described. A special aim of this work was to integrate modern approaches to rock deformation with the regional tectonics. The region is one of overthrust and shear zone tectonics associated with the development of at least two superimposed sets of major folds and associated minor structures (microfolds, cleavage, vein systems and various types of lineations related to rock strain or intersections of planar structures). It is concluded that the syntaxis results from an early set of nappe units developed by southwestward overthrusting of previously metamorphosed (Himalayan) rocks followed by the formation of a large shear zone structure and finally by the transport of overthrust units from northwest to southeast.