Conformation of Stereoregular Polydienes in the Crystal State

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Abstract
The first synthetic polymer from a diene for which stereoregularity was proved was poly(2-chloro-butadiene). Two stereoregular polymers of isoprene, synthesized by living organisms, were known before: gutta-percha and natural rubber. The crystal structure of all these polymers was established in 1942 by Bunn. After the discovery of Ziegler-Natta catalysts, many stereoregular polymers of dienes were prepared. The first, polybutadiene with 1,1-trans enchainment, was described originally in 1955. Subsequently, between 1955 and 1957, the crystal structures of all the stereoregular isomers of polybutadiene were elucidated. It is now possible to make a sufficiently comprehensive picture of the chain constitution, configuration, and conformation of a great number of stereoregular polymers of dienes.

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