The relationships of Nizymenia and Stenocladia (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta)

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Abstract
Nizymenia and probably Stenocladia bear cruciately divided, sessile, tetrasporangia on uniseriate filaments developed in tufts from the outer cortex. Spermatangial tufts in Stenocladia occur in a similar manner. These features, and the thallus form, distinguish Nizymenia and Stenocladia from Phacelocarpus and they are placed in a new family, Nizymeniaceae. Distinguishing features of the family are the uniaxial thallus construction with filamentous medulla and pseudoparenchymatous cortex; procarpic and polycarpogonial female reproduction; carposporophyte of gonimoblast filaments radiating outward from a fusion cell and bearing terminal chains of carposporangia; and, as far as known, both spermatangia and tetrasporangia borne on uniseriate filaments developed in tufts from outer cortical cells, the tetrasporangia being cruciately divided.

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