Development of Chloramphenicol-Resistant and Chloramphenicol-Dependent Variants of a Strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

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Abstract
The resistance of a strain of K. pneumoniae to chloramphenicol was enhanced 128-fold by serial subculture on the surface of agar plates containing graded concns. of this antibiotic. A chloramphenicol-dependent variant also emerged during the course of these subcultures. This variant grew best in the presence of a critical concn. of chloramphenicol; as the concn. of antibiotic was either increased progressively beyond this critical level or decreased below it there was a steady decline in growth until complete inhibition of growth occurred. The chloramphenicol-dependent variant was first recognized soon after the resistance of the strain had been enhanced to a point where it was completely inhibited by this critical concn. Evidence was also obtained of possible "back-mutation" to variants which were as sensitive as the parent strain.

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