APICAL LUNG TUMORS

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Abstract
Malignant tumors of the thoracic inlet and pulmonary apex were first described under the heading of "superior pulmonary sulcus tumors" by Pancoast1in 1932. In 1924 he2first reported three cases in which certain characteristic conditions were present. At that time he referred to these cases as apical chest tumors. He later advised against the use of the name "apical chest tumor" as a designation for this type of growth, stating that it was confusing and that more common tumors would therefore be included under it. The characteristic manifestations associated with tumors in the thoracic inlet as described by him were pain about the shoulder radiating down the arm, Horner's syndrome, atrophy of the muscles of the hand and roentgenographic evidences of a small homogeneous shadow at the extreme apex of the lung. Evidence of local destruction of ribs was always noted, and often infiltration into the adjacent

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