Determining Pregnancy in Elk by Rectal Palpation

Abstract
Mature and yearling female elk (Cervus canadensis) were rectally palpated by an experienced veterinarian to determine pregnancy. The results when verified by autopsy revealed a high degree of accuracy. Wildlife biologists can perform the examination which provides immediate and highly accurate results at negligible cost. Reliable determinations can be expected if examinations are made in late Dec. or thereafter.