Iron intake in the united states during the first year of life according to demographic characteristics

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Abstract
Iron intakes of 401 infants ranging in age from 1 wk to 12 mo. from the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey 1977-78 were evaluated according to several demographic characteristics and to different foods (milk and milk products, infant formula, infant cereal, commercial infant foods and table foods). Fe intake was influenced strongly by the type of milk feeding in the infant''s diet. Across all demographic characteristics, a majority of infants 0-6 mo. and 7-12 mo. old fed formula had median intakes of Fe above the RDA [recommended daily allowance]. In contrast, a large proportion of infants aged 0-6 mo. and 7-12 mo. fed a diet that included cow''s milk had median intakes of Fe below the RDA. In each demographic subgroup, median iron intakes of 7-12 mo.-old infants fed cow''s milk were especially low, about half the RDA. Median Fe intakes were higher for 7-12 mo.-old infants participating in the Supplemental Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) than for non-participating infants in the same or higher per capita income ranges. The data presented in the study may assist in the development of programs designed to monitor infant nutrition.

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