Colonization of Maize Grain by Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium proliferatum in the Presence of Competing Fungi and Their Impact on Fumonisin Production

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Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effect of water activity (aw) and temperature on the pattems of colonization of maize grain by isolates of Fusarium moniliforme and F. proliferatum in the presence of interacting spoilage fungi, such as Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, and Penicillium implicatum, over 4-week incubation periods. The impact that such interactions have on Fusarium infection of maize grain and populations and on the production of fumonisins were all evaluated. At 0.93 and 0.95 aw, interactions of the two Fusarium spp. with other species to a large extent resulted in mutual inhibition on contact or overgrowth by the Aspergillus and Penicillium spp., regardless of temperature and growth rates of the species. Seed infection by the Fusarium spp. at 25°C was influenced mainly by A. flavus and A. niger, with a reduction of infection by up to 45 and 30%, respectively, after 2 weeks. At 15°C and lowered aw levels, infection was reduced, and sometimes completely inhibited, by A. n...

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