Disconnecting metabolism from adenylate control during extreme oxygen limitation

Abstract
When deprived of oxygen, the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) enters a state of apparent dormancy, from which it can recover when oxygen is again made available. Calorimetric measurements show that with an atmosphere of 100% nitrogen, energy flow in locusts reaches a new steady-state rate of heat dissipation of only 6 – 7% of aerobic values. Metabolite analysis shows large decreases in concentrations of arginine phosphate and adenosine triphosphate during anoxia, while adenosine monophosphate, lactate, α-glycerophosphate, and Pi accumulate to significantly elevated levels during anoxia. Time-course studies on whole animals and flight muscle paradoxically show declining metabolic rates when changes in metabolite (especially adenylate) concentration would normally be expected to activate metabolism.

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