THE MATURATION AND SPAWNING OF Penaeus stylirostris UNDER CONTROLLED LABORATORY CONDITIONS

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Abstract
Approximately 35 female Penaeus stylirostris from Costa Rica and Mexico held at the National Marine Fisheries Service, Galveston Laboratory, mated and spawned at least 247 times within a 190‐day period producing over 98 times 106 eggs. Average fecundity was 397,000 eggs and each female spawned between 9 and 10 times. The hatching rate varied from 0–85% with an average around 50%.Female shrimp were ablated and placed in 3 m diameter tanks at a sex ratio of 1:1. The salinity ranged from 20–30 ppt and water temperature was maintained at 29–30°C. The diet consisted of polychaete worms, squid and sometimes a pelleted food in the ratio of 1:2:1. The photo‐period was 14 h/day using standard fluorescent lighting. No natural sunlight was available to the shrimp.Mating behavior was observed to start around 1400–1500 h and continued until 2200–2230 h and later. Female shrimp observed with a spermatophore were captured and placed in spawning tanks, and the water was treated with EDTA and Maracyn I and Maracyn II. Egg production and hatching rate were calculated for each spawning tank. Nauplii were transferred to the hatchery facility and viability determined for selected spawns. Survival to postlarvae varied considerably and no conclusions can be made at this time regarding the reasons for variability. Over 746,000 postlarvae were produced.

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