NOTES ON THE LIFE HISTORY AND MORPHOLOGY OF CEPHENEMYIA JELLISONI TOWNSEND AND LIPOPTENA DEPRESSA SAY, TWO DIPTEROUS PARASITES OF THE COLUMBIAN BLACK-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS HEMIONUS COLUMBIANUS (RICHARDSON))

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Abstract
Material derived from deer taken on southern Vancouver Island, B.C., represents all larval stages of the nostril fly, Cephenemyia jellisoni Townsend. Description is given of the external morphology of the three larval stages and the puparium of this fly. The tracheary system of the first instar, and the cephalopharyngeal apparatus of all three are described and figured.In November and December first instar larvae were found in the nasopharynx of the host where they remained until after the moult. Until they reach maturity, second and third instar larvae occupy the retropharyngeal recesses of the deer. They leave the host by way of the nostrils and pupate in the ground.Observations on the life history and behaviour of Lipoptena depressa Say, both on and off the host, are given. It is postulated that the life span on the host varies from 8 to 13 months and that during this period from four to seven larvae are produced. Larvae do not pupate on the host but fall to the ground as soon as they are liberated. Infestations on a single host may consist of more than 2000 flies; under such circumstances the deer evinces discomfort. As yet this fly is not known to be involved in the life cycle of any internal parasite of the deer.

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