Mechanism of N2 implantation of Co, WC, and Co–W alloys

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Abstract
Experimental results are presented showing the effects of nitrogen implantation on a series of materials that are related to the WC–Co cemented carbides: pure Co, W, Co–W alloys (10–30 wt. % W), and WC (single crystal and binderless). Implantations were carried out at 180 keV, with a fluence of 2.5×1017 N+2/cm2 at implant temperatures of approximately 400 °C. Results show that nitrogen is not readily retained by pure Co. However, for the Co–W alloys the retained nitrogen increases with the W concentration but the nitrogen profiles are non-Gaussian and indicate diffusion of the implanted nitrogen. For the W and the WC samples, most of the implanted nitrogen is retained and the profiles have a Gaussian-type shape similar to those obtained for nitrogen implanted WC–Co cemented carbides. There is evidence to indicate the formation of nitride bonding in the nitrogen-implanted W and WC samples. Preliminary low-load (10–25 g) indentation measurements, did not show any significant changes in hardness as a result of nitrogen implantation.

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