Breastfeeding and its consequences continue to attract the attention of investigators. Breastfeeding has again been shown to reduce the development of otitis media during the 1st year of life. Although the development of hyperbilirubinemia is increased with breastfeeding it has been shown to be easily controllable without the discontinuation of breastfeeding. Although it is apparent that infants that are breastfed for periods of more than 6 months weigh less than formula-fed counterparts it remains to be established which growth pattern is optimal.