Chapter 5 The Impact of Alcohol Misclassification on the Relationship between Alcohol and Pregnancy Outcome

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Abstract
Underreporting, more than overreporting, is a problem in studies of the effects of alcohol consumption using selfreported data. Numerical examples illustrate that in studies of the effect of alcohol, nondifferential misclassification of alcohol consumption due to underreporting may lead to a bias away from the null value. It may also cause a true threshold level for alcohol to appear as a dose-response relationship. It is shown that the effect of misclassification on effect estimates will depend on the true frequency of abstainers in the studied population.

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