Magnetic ordering of Nd3+ ions in the high-temperature superconductor NbBa2Cu3xGaxO7y (0<x≤0.5 and 0.05<y<0.15)

Abstract
We report on the magnetic specific heats of NdBa2 Cu3x Gax O7y measured in the temperature range from 0.45 to 100 K. The Ga substitution in the Cu chain sites descreases the superconducting transition temperature drastically. Simultaneously, there is a systematic increase of temperature of magnetic ordering of the Nd3+ ions with Ga substitution. The nature of the magnetic ordering of Nd3+ ion changes from two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic Ising behavior for the oxygen rich compound with zero Ga content to 1D Ising-like for low Ga concentration. With higher Ga concentration, at the advent of nonsuperconductivity, long-range (3D) magnetic ordering is reestablished. The increase of the magnetic interaction between the Nd3+ ions by the substitution of Ga is discussed with the variation of carrier concentration, increase in the Nd-O bond length and with the additional interaction due to Cu-ion ordering in the nonsuperconducting compounds.