Abstract
Editor's note: In recent months the military-oriented Soviet conversion process described in this article has undergone serious challenges. For example, Julian Cooper informed us shortly before we went to press that an alternative concept of conversion has been “prepared by a team of economists under Professor Yuri Yaremenko, director of the Academy's Institute of the Economics and Forecasting of Scientific and Technical Progress. This challenge to the government's draft program calls for the complete conversion of many enterprises and of a market- oriented approach to the organizations of civil production. There is no doubt that this approach is more in line with the radical economic reform proposals now finding strong support.” Cooper noted that this and other developments “all point in the direction of a decisive radicalization of the conversion process.” Regardless of the outcome of the economic conversion debate, this article provides invaluable background about the issues involved.

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