Genomic affinities of individual chromosomes based on C- and N-banding analyses of tetraploid Elymus species and their diploid progenitor species

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Abstract
Giemsa C- and N-banding techniques were used to identify individual somatic chromosomes in the tetraploid (2n = 28) species Elymus trachycaulus (= Agropyron trachycaulum) (genome designation SH) and E. ciliaris (= A. ciliare) (SY) and five diploid progenitor species (2n = 14), Pseudoroegneria spicata (= A. spicatum) (S), P. libanotica (= A. libanoticum) (S), P. stipifolia (= A. stipifolium) (S), Critesion bogdanii (= Hordeum bogdanii) (H), and C. californicum (= H. californicum) (H). Comparisons based on banding patterns of E. trachycaulus and E. ciliaris with parental donor species P. spicata indicated a common S genome origin. The heterochromatin composition of several E. trachycaulus chromosomes were similar to chromosomes of both Critesion species. However, the possible origin of characteristic C- and N-banded chromosomes of E. ciliaris remained undetermined. These patterns of evolution among genomes of E. trachycaulus, E. ciliaris, and their progenitor species proved valuable for the allocation of individual chromosomes into specific genomes. This approach may be useful for the genomic allocation of wheat-Elymus addition lines. Key words: C-banding, N-banding, Elymus, Triticeae, genome.