Opioids and stress in man

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Abstract
Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London ec1a 7be received 16 February 1988 While stress and opiate alkaloids such as morphine have both been with us for millenia, the relationship between the two has remained obstinately enigmatic. The discovery of the endogenous opioid peptides some 13 years ago suggested that we might at last have found the key, but the partners to the relationship, while clearly well disposed to each other, persist in avoiding legal wedlock. Can we not find grounds at least for a prolonged engagement between stress and the opioids in current neuroendocrinology? Introduction Circulating opioid peptides Endorphins Measurement of circulating opioid peptides has certainly not been encouraging, following the initial euphoria in discovering that certain opioids were indeed present in the peripheral circulation. In man, β-lipotrophin (β-LPH) is co-released with adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) after cleavage from pro-opiomelanocortin in the corticotrophs of the anterior pituitary,

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