Cobalt proteins

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Abstract
In the form of vitamin B12, cobalt plays a number of crucial roles in many biological functions. However, recent studies have provided information on the biochemistry and bioinorganic chemistry of several proteins containing cobalt in a form other than that in the corrin ring of vitamin B12. To date, eight noncorrin‐cobalt‐containing enzymes (methionine aminopeptidase, prolidase, nitrile hydratase, glucose isomerase, methylmalonyl‐CoA carboxytransferase, aldehyde decarbonylase, lysine‐2,3‐aminomutase, and bromoperoxidase) have been isolated and characterized. A cobalt transporter is involved in the metallocenter biosynthesis of the host cobalt‐containing enzyme, nitrile hydratase. Understanding the differences between cobalt and nickel transporters might lead to drug development for gastritis and peptic ulceration.