Adhesion molecules utilized in binding of intraepithelial lymphocytes to human enterocytes

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Abstract
The expression of adhesion molecules by human duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was examined by two‐color flow cytometry. Resting IEL expressed LFA‐1, HML‐1, CD44. Stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) resulted in down‐regulation of expression of these molecules with induction of expression of ICAM‐1 and VLA‐4. VLA‐4 expression was also found on non‐activated IEL from patients with celiac disease. In addition, IEL expressed an antigen recognized by a novel monoclonal antibody D2.1. The molecular mass of D2.1 is heterogenous: 82 kDa in peripheral blood lymphocytes and 44 kDa in an IEL line. Expression of this antigen was also up‐regulated by PHA. To determine the involvement of these antigens in binding of IEL to human enterocytes, we developed a system based on adherence of an IEL cell line to the I407 fetal intestinal cell line. Monoclonal antibodies VLA‐4, D2.1 and to a lesser extent ICAM‐1 blocked adherence of IEL to I407 cells. These data suggest that VLA‐4 and D2.1 may be involved in adherence of IEL to human enterocytes or secreted matrix molecules in vivo.

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