Substituting Sites of Rare Earth Ions in BaTiO3

Abstract
The electron spin resonance experiment has been performed in reduced ceramic samples of BaTiO3 containing La3+ ions. A characteristic F-center signal was observed for the Ba/Ti ration of 1.02. This observation of F-center signal indicates strongly that some of doped La3+ ions substitute Ti4+ ions and act as acceptors. The effect of some monovalent and trivalent ions on the substituting sites of Gd3+ ions has been also investigated. It was found that for a low concentration of monovalent ions they formed “pairs” with Gd3+ ions at Ba2+ sites.

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