Translocation of Malathion, Bromophos, and Iodofenphos into Stored Grain from Treated Structural Surfaces1

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Abstract
Malathion, bromophos (EC and WP), and iodofenphos (EC) were applied as water-based dilutions at 0.05 liter/m2 to provide a deposit of 1.0 g AI/m2 on wood and concrete surfaces to determine the translocation of the insecticides into wheat, barley, and corn placed on the treated surfaces. Translocation was assessed in the laboratory at different times after treatment by chemical assay with GLC and by bioassay with susceptible strains of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults after the grains had been in contact for 1 wk with the treated surfaces. Significantly higher (P C. ferrugineus and T. castaneum were obtained on cereals in contact with treated wood surfaces than concrete surfaces. Malathion EC provided good control of the beetles on grains in contact with wood surfaces, whilst bromophos formulations gave better control than malathion formulations or iodofenphos on grains in contact with concrete surfaces. Significantly more F1 progency (P (P <0.01) of each insecticide translocated into grain samples in contact with wood than concrete surfaces. Smaller amounts of iodofenphos than malathion or bromophos translocated into grain samples from treated structural surfaces. Less insecticide residue was recovered from corn than from wheat or barley. Persistence of the insecticide on structural surfaces and their translocation into stored grains decreased with age of deposit. The residual effectiveness of bromophos and iodofenphos on structural surfaces demonstrate that these compounds are suitable alternatives to malathion.

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