Seed Germination Percentage Increases with Population Size in a Fragmented Prairie Species

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Abstract
Laboratoty germination percentages were relatively low in small populations of royal catchfly (Silene regia), a perennial prairie plant whose distribution has been severely reduced by habitat fragmentation. Populations with more than 150 individuals bad uniformly high (>85%) germination, whereas smaller populations had great variation within and between populations. Germination percentage was related to the natural log of population size (r = .49, p = .017); in small populations the relationship was linear (r = .37, p = .156). Germination success was unrelated to population isolation. The overall dependence of germination percentage on population size has at least two possible explanations: (I) inbreeding depression in recently reduced populations, manifesting itself in lower fitness of seeds; or (2) increased proportion of inferior geitonogamously produced seed caused by reduced hummingbird visitation and reduced interplant movements in small populations.