Serological Distinction of Watermelon Mosaic Virus Isolates

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Abstract
Antisera to purified preparations of Florida isolates of WMV [watermelon mosaic virus] type 1 (WMV-1 FL) and WMV type 2 (WMV-2 FL) were used in immunodiffusion tests with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-treated extracts from virus infected plants. Based on reciprocal tests with sera collected 2-6 mo. after the 1st injection, WMV-1 FL and WMV-2 FL did not cross react. Among 13 other WMV isolates obtained from other areas, 3 types were identified: isolates that were closely related to WMV-1 FL but not reactive with WMV-2 FL, namely, 1 isolate each from California, New York and Texas, USA, Australia, Jordan and Greece; isolates that were closely related to WMV-2 FL but not reactive with WMV-1 FL, namely, a single isolate each from Arizona [USA], New York, Australia and New Zealand and 2 from California; and an isolate from Morocco, which was nonreactive with either WMV-1 FL or WMV-2 FL. The SDS-immunodiffusion methods were reliable for detecting either WMV-1 or WMV-2 in extracts from symptomatic leaves from a variety of host plants. Freeze-dried leaf extracts proved convenient as reference antigens. The papaya ringspot virus was closely related serologically to WMV-1 FL but nonreactive with WMV-2 FL, but soybean mosaic virus was unrelated to WMV-1 FL and related to, but distinct from, WMV-2 FL.

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