Abstract: Effect of pool temperature gradients on the composition of electron-beam vapor-deposited alloys

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Abstract
The common requirement of a water-cooled hearth for continuous electron-beam evaporation of alloys with a rod-fed source introduces a temperature gradient in the evaporating surface. A spatial heterogeneity of alloying constituents can be shown to result from evaporation in this gradient. Application of thermodynamic considerations to the equilibrium evaporation at constant rate from an alloy-rod-fed electron-beam vapor-deposition source provides an explanation of the spatial heterogeneity of alloy constituents in the vapor cloud. Consideration of these effects offers some direction for improved electron-beam gun/hearth design for utilization in vapor-deposition processing of complex alloys.

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