The biosynthesis of polyketides

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Abstract
E 7- doubly labelled ELHlLJC1 precursors. These methods have been re- viewed. A potentially more useful technique than the a-isotope shift method has been de~cribed.~ In this, 2H is placed 6 to the reporter I3C nucleus in a doubly labelled precursor: an isotope shift is still observable but the unfavourable relaxation and nOe effects associated with 2H directly attached to I3C are avoided. This has been applied to only one study in the review period, but will clearly find much use. A related and also extremely useful technique makes use of I80-induced isotope shifts in I3C n.m.r. to detect the biosynthetic origins of oxygen by incorporating doubly labelled (180,13C) precursors or by growing organisms in an atmosphere containing I8O2 and subsequent l3C n.m. r. analysis of the l abelled metabolites. The number of studies using advanced intermediates c ontinues to increase and 2H-labelling has great potential in this area. A number of books which cover aspects of polyketide biosynthesis have appeared, 5'6 with Steyn 's book on the biosynthesis of mycotoxins7 being particularly valuable. 4

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