Three-dimensional display of MRI data in neurosurgery: segmentation and rendering aspects

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Abstract
The overall objective in neurosurgery is to localize and to treat a target volume within the cerebral medium as well as to understand its environment. To complete this objective, the 3D display of multimodality information is required; among them CT, MRI, angiography or atlas are particularly important. During the last decade solutions have been proposed to improve the rendering of 3D CT data sets. Applied to MRI without preprocessing these methods are not able to provide a good display quality for the brain anatomy for instance. This paper presents one year of experience in the 3D display of MRI volumes, oriented to the preparation of neurosurgery procedures (e.g. biopsy, epilepsy surgery): the main issues concerning the volume anisotropy, the brain segmentation and the volume rendering are explained. Emphasis is also given to the original way we propose to solve the brain segmentation problem by using automatic segmentation techniques (fuzzy masks and region valley following). The volume rendering technique is also presented and discussed (binary segmentation vs fuzzy segmentation). Finally, examples are presented concerning the use of 3D MRI images.

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