Total lumbar disc replacement

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Abstract
Spinal fusion had become a standard surgical procedure which was now more predictable and reproducible. Soon it was used for the treatment of degenerative or post-operative changes of the spine.14–20 Although there is still controversy about its benefit,21–27 lumbar spinal fusion became accepted worldwide as a treatment option for symptomatic degenerative disease, degenerative spondylolisthesis, degenerative lumbar scoliosis, post-discectomy-syndromes or segmental instability adjacent to a previous fusion.28–32