Control of Chironomids in Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Ponds with Abate(R)(Temephos) Insecticide

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Abstract
Larval chironomids Chironomus longilobus (Kieffer) are serious competitors with milkfish Chanos chanos (Forskal) for benthic algae in commercial milkfish ponds in Taiwan. Chironomid larvae were effectively killed with temephos (Abate, O,O,O'',O''-tetramethyl O,O''-thiodi-p-phenylene phosphorothioate) 50% emulsifiable concentrate [EC] when it was diluted 1:2000 with seawater and applied to milkfish ponds to establish a concentration of 0.050 mg/l of the active ingredient. Treatment did not harm milkfish and benthic algae. Residues found in the edible portions of milkfish after 7 applications of Abate 50% EC ranged from 0.02-0.08 mg/kg, well below the 1.0 mg/l approved by the WHO for presence in human drinking water. Acute toxicity of Abate 50% EC to 13 other species of aquatic animal [fish, shrimp, beetle, fishlouse, polychaete, seasnail, copepod] was determined in the laboratory.

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