Indoor Residential NO2Concentrations in Albuquerque, New Mexico

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Abstract
In preparation for a prospective study of the relationship of residential nitrogen dioxide exposure and respiratory infections in infants, we conducted a pilot study to assess NO2 concentrations in a sample of homes in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The methods used to characterize concentrations are described. Three locations in 144 homes were monitored with passive diffusion samplers for two two-week cycles during November and December 1984. Two-week average NO2 concentrations in the activity room ranged from 2.0 to 168.7 ppb. NO2 concentrations in the activity room and the infant’s bedroom were fivefold higher in homes with gas stoves than in homes with electric stoves. Sixty-four percent of homes with gas stoves had activity room concentrations that exceeded the highest outdoor concentration. Multiple regression models Indicated that the outdoor concentration, use of a gas stove, particularly one with pilot lights, presence of a gas dryer in the living area, and use of a floor or wall furnace contributed to NO2 concentrations. Use of a toaster or microwave oven in a house with a gas stove reduced NO2 concentrations. The results of this study demonstrate a broad range of NO2 concentrations in Albuquerque. We conclude with suggestions for an exposure assessment strategy that would be valid and feasible in the context of a large epidemiologic study of the health effects of NO2.