Flux-line-cutting effects at the critical current of cylindrical type-II superconductors

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Abstract
Our critical-state model, which includes the effects of both flux-line cutting and flux pinning, is applied to a current-carrying cylinder in an axial magnetic field. The time evolution of the internal magnetic-field distribution is computed for currents just slightly above the critical current at which a longitudinal electric field first appears. According to the theory, when an axial magnetic field is nonzero, a unique magnetic-field distribution is ultimately produced. On the other hand, when the axial magnetic field is zero, the final magnetic-field distribution, longitudinal magnetic moment, and critical current all depend upon the sample’s magnetic history.