AUTOGENY IN CULICOIDES WARINGI LEE AND REYE AND CULICOIDES MACKERRASI LEE AND REYE (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE) FROM AUSTRALIA WITH NOTES ON BREEDING PLACES AND BEHAVIOUR

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Abstract
Culicoides waringi is autogenous for the first batch of eggs and it is probable that the species has completely lost the necessity to feed on blood. Larvae were hatched from eggs deposited by laboratory reared females caged with males and with access only to carbohydrate foods. C. mackerrasi is known to attack man and the development of follicles to Stage V by unfed, unmated females shows the species can be autogenous for the first egg mass.Notes on the field biology, the behaviour and the distribution of both species are included. The advantages of autogeny for survival of the two species are discussed.