A cytotaxonomic investigation of seven species in the Eusimulium vernum group (Diptera: Simuliidae)

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Abstract
Using the banding pattern of Eusimulium vernum (Macquart) as a standard, the polytene chromosomes of seven North American members of the vernum group are described. These are Eusimulium aestivum (Davies, Peterson, and Wood), E. impar (Davies, Peterson, and Wood), E. gouldingi (Stone), E. croxtoni (Nickolson and Mickel), E. pugetense Dyar and Shannon, E. quebecense (Twinn), and an undescribed species provisionally designated Simulium sp. near furculatum/croxtoni. Two of these species, pugetense and quebecense, apparently are sibling species complexes. An inversion cladogram separates the seven species into two distinct lineages; aestivum, impar, pugetense, and quebecense belong to one and gouldingi, croxtoni, and Simulium sp. to the other.

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