Reduction of the Psychotomimetic and Circulatory Side-effects of Ketamine by Droperidol

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Abstract
The effects of four centrally-acting drugs on the incidence and severity of emergence phenomena associated with ketamine anesthesia were investigated in a double-blind study. Two hundred and fourteen outpatients scheduled for early elective termination of pregnancy were premedicated with atropine and randomly divided into five groups. Anesthesia of all patients was induced with ketamine, 2.5 mg/kg, and maintained with fractional doses of ketamine. The drugs studied were: diazepam, 150μg/kg; thiopental, 1.5 mg/kg; droperidol, 75 μ g/kg; fentanyl, 0.375 μ g/kg. Droperidol alone or in combination with fentanyl significantly decreased the incidences of restlessness, crying, screaming, and hallucinations associated with recovery from ketamine anesthesia. Diazepam and thiopental were ineffective. Droperidol or droperidol and fentanyl also decreased ketamine-induced tachycardia and hypertension. None of the drugs studied delayed recovery from anesthesia and the discharge of patients.
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