Solubility Dependence of Ruthenium Volatilisation from Glass

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Abstract
Solubility dependence of ruthenium volatilisation from glass at glass forming temperature and the effect of time and temperature on the rate of volatilisation were investigated. Simple glasses in the system Na2O-SiO2 were considered for the study. Volatilisation runs were carried out at different temperatures in an air flow of 118 cm/min and the surface of glass subjected to evaporation was 2.73 sq. cm. The plot of ruthenium volatilisation loss vs solubility at 1100°C showed a direct relation between them upto 38 mole percent Na2O content and the curve was a straight line passing through the origin with a slope of 1.64 X 10-2 mg/ppm. For the glasses, with more Na2O, volatilisation was believed to depend on solubility as well as on oxygen diffusion. Volatilisation at different temperatures showed that it followed the Arrhenius law and the calculated activation energy for evaporation was 18.65 K Cal/mole. Rate of ruthenium volatilisation decreased with time and attained a constant value as soon as ruthenium lost due to evaporation was made up by more ruthenium entering into solution. It was suggested that ruthenium volatilisation might be minimised by rendering the ruthenium insoluble in glass either by the selection of suitable glass composition or by the use of some reducing agents.

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