Probing the Properties of Neutron Stars with Type I X-Ray Bursts

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Abstract
The increase in spin frequency as the burning atmospheres of type I X-ray bursts cool provides a strong constraint on the radius of the underlying neutron star. If the change in spin frequency is due to a change in the thickness of the atmosphere, the radius of the star must exceed 3GM/c2 for any equation of state and approximately 3.5GM/c2 for most physically reasonable equations of state. This constraint arises because the direction of the Coriolis force for radial motion reverses for R < G/c2(M + I/R2). Furthermore, the marked change in the magnitude of the Coriolis force near compact stars provides a straightforward explanation for why the frequency of the quickly rotating bursters shifts by the same amount as the slow rotators: they are slightly more massive, 1.6 M☉ versus 1.4 M☉.