RNA helicase A interacts with nuclear factor κB p65 and functions as a transcriptional coactivator

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Abstract
RNA helicase A (RHA), a member of DNA and RNA helicase family containing ATPase activity, is involved in many steps of gene expression such as transcription and mRNA export. RHA has been reported to bind directly to the transcriptional coactivator, CREB-binding protein, and the tumor suppressor protein, BRCA1, and links them to RNA Polymerase II holoenzyme complex. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, we have identified RHA as an interacting molecule of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). The interaction between p65 and RHA was confirmed by glutathione-S transferase pull-down assay in vitro, and by co-immunoprecipitation assay in vivo. In transient transfection assays, RHA enhanced NF-κB dependent reporter gene expression induced by p65, tumor necrosis factor-α, or NF-κB inducing kinase. The mutant form of RHA lacking ATP-binding activity inhibited NF-κB dependent reporter gene expression induced by these activators. Moreover, depletion of RHA using short interfering RNA reduced the NF-κB dependent transactivation. These data suggest that RHA is an essential component of the transactivation complex by mediating the transcriptional activity of NF-κB.