Syntheses of new porphyrin-type photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

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Abstract
In the first part of this paper, syntheses of water-soluble photosensitizers for use in photodynamic therapy are described. Vinylporphyrins and vinylchlorins react with N.N- dimethylmethyleneammonium iodide (Eschenmoser's reagent) to give 2- (dimethylaminomethyl)vinyl derivatives which can be readily quaternized with methyl iodide to give highly water-soluble quaternary ammonium salts. Deuteroporphyrin-IX dimethyl ester undergoes direct substitution with dimethylaminomethyl at the nuclear 2- and 4-positions. The second part of this report describes the syntheses of bacteriochlorin analogues of natural chlorophyll derivatives; these are obtained by osmium tetraoxide oxidation of chlorins to give vic-dihydroxybacteriochlorins. Acid catalyzed pinacol-pinacolone rearrangements of a number of vic-dihydroxybacterochlorins to given ketobacteriochlorins are described, and the chemistry of the rearrangement is investigated. Biological studies of all sensitizers described will be reported elsewhere.

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