PULMONARY INVOLVEMENT IN TYPHOID AND PARATYPHOID FEVERS

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Abstract
The incidence, degree, type, and some bacteriological studies on 49 typhoid and 31 paratyphoid fever patients in Egypt are descr. 42% of the cases had physical signs in the chest, which were con sidered moderate or prominent in degree. Signs most frequently elicited were rales, rhonchi, decreased breath sounds, squeaks dullness, and wheezes in that order, and usually in combination with each other. Actual pneumonia occurred in 11% of the cases, with pneumococci as the cause in 2 of the 9 cases with pneumonia. There seemed to be no constant association of pathogens in the sputum or bronchial secretions with pulmonary signs. On the basis of character and distr. of physical signs, it does not seem likely that the signs represent simple congestion and hypostasis in sick patients. Pulmonary signs occurring with the enteric fevers are due to changes in the bronchi, but the exact mechanism for these changes is still poorly understood. The literature is reviewed, and summaries of 3 cases which illustrate particular features are presented.

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