Safe ureterointestinal anastomosis widens the scope of treatment of certain congenital anomalies of the bladder and urethra and also makes possible more adequate treatment (radical or palliative) of three common types of carcinoma: carcinoma of the urinary bladder, of the prostate and of the female genital organs. Several recent developments have so greatly increased the safety of this operation that, in a recent series of 35 patients over 40 years of age with carcinoma in the aforementioned locations, only 1 death occurred and the only complication associated with the operative procedure was infection of the urinary tract, which occurred in only 6 per cent of the patients and was easily controlled with antibiotics. Also it was possible to perform ureterointestinal anastomosis safely on decidedly dilated ureters (figure). These developments include: (1) great improvement in the maintenance of nutrition in the preoperative and postoperative periods, (2) the use of the newer