Angular spectrum representation of scattered electromagnetic fields

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Abstract
Angular spectrum representation is derived for the electromagnetic field scattered from any linear, time-independent medium. In particular, the medium may be homogeneous or inhomogeneous, isotropic or anisotropic, spatially nondispersive or spatially dispersive, and it may be dielectric, magnetic, or magnetoelectric. The spectral amplitudes of the plane-wave modes of the scattered field are found to depend in a relatively simple manner on the induced polarization and on the induced magnetization. In the special case when the first Born approximation applies, the results take a particularly simple form and may be used to determine the scattered electromagnetic field vectors at any distance from the scatterer.