EFFECT OF VITAMIN A TREATMENT ON THE PROLONGATION OF DARK ADAPTATION IN STARGARDTʼS DYSTROPHY

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Abstract
Background Prolongation in recovery of rod thresholds has been demonstrated in Stargardt's dystrophy. One possible explanation for this finding includes an impairment of vitamin A transport by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). By delivering an increased amount of vitamin A to the RPE, it might be possible to overcome a relative deficiency of vitamin A utilization or transport, and thus improve rod dark adaptation. Methods Baseline dark-adapted rod final thresholds were measured for five patients with Stargardt's dystrophy after 60 minutes of dark adaptation. A full dark-adaptation curve was then measured after exposure to a bleaching light for 5 minutes. Time of recovery to within 0.2 log units of the prebleach dark-adapted rod threshold was determined. Each subject then took a 14-to 18-day course of oral vitamin A, 50,000 IU daily. Dark adaptation was then reassessed using the same pretreatment protocol. Results Before treatment, all five patients had a prolongation of their rod recovery curve. There was no statistically significant difference between subjects in mean time taken to reach prebleach rod baseline thresholds before and after vitamin A treatment. Conclusions These findings do not rule out the posssiblity that a delay in rod dark adaptation in Stargardt's dystrophy results from an inability to transport vitamin A from the RPE to photoreceptor cells. Nevertheless, a high dose of oral vitamin A taken for at least 14 days did not provide any objective improvement in dark-adaptation function in five such patients.

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