Taguchi Experimental Design Study of Very Large Sample Injection of Pesticides in Capillary Gas Chromatography

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Abstract
The use of a programmed-temperature vaporizer (PTV) in a modified solvent elimination mode for the analysis of very large volumes of a pesticide solution by direct sampling onto gas chromatography is described. A Taguchi experimental design is used to study the influence on the performance of the method of four factors, namely the length of the packing material in the glass-liner of the PTV, the temperatures of the PTV during both adsorption and desorption, and the sampling volume. Three of the possible interactions between the mentioned variables are also investigated. The described method allows the direct injection of up to a 25-mL sample volume, 1.5 mL/min being the speed of sample introduction. No special instrumentation is necessary; the methodology is not expensive and can be performed in any laboratory. This method may also be an interesting approach to the use of a PTV as an interface for liquid chromatography—gas chromatography, as experimental conditions (i.e., the sampled volume, the speed of sample introduction, and the solvent used) are suitable to fit the requirements of on-line coupling of reversed-phase liquid chromatography and gas chromatography (RPLC—GC).

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