Brefeldin A and filipin distinguish two globotriaosyl ceramide/verotoxin-1 intracellular trafficking pathways involved in Vero cell cytotoxicity

Abstract
In verotoxin 1 (VT1)-sensitive cells, globotriaosyl ceramide (Gb3) bound VT1 is endocytosed and transported retrogradely to the Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The importance of the Golgi-dependent retrograde transport of VT1 is now shown to vary as a function of both VT1 exposure time and concentration. Following 3 h exposure to 3.

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