A Method for Stop-Action Imaging of the Heart Using Gated Computed Tomography

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Abstract
A new method for the reconstruction of limited angle projection data in rotary fan-beam X-ray computed tomography (CT) is presented. Missing views resulting from ECG-gated cardiac CT are estimated, and the standard fan-beam reconstruction algorithm is used to convolve and backproject both measured and estimated views. The estimation of the missing views takes place in three stages: first, the projection data is augmented by incorporating into each missing view the line integrals that do not pass through the heart, and which otherwise would be considered missing due to ECG-gating; second, line integrals corresponding to source positions in the range 180°±fan angle away from missing view angles are reflected; third, those line integrals that remain missing are estimated by interpolation. This method has been applied to ECG-gated cardiac imaging in dogs without requiring extensive interpolation; end-systolic and end-diastolic images were generated with short-interval gating (⅕cycle) and total scan time (breath holding period) of 12 s. An important advantage of this method over other proposed limited angle reconstruction techniques is that it uses the existing fan-beam convolution-backprojection algorithm for image reconstruction.